Endopsychic conflicts, even though they do not become conscious, draw a great deal of nervous energy which could otherwise be used for creative activities.
Endopsychic Conflicts
is a manifestation of structural differentiations of a contradictory kind. Such conflicts result from the interaction of the three
parts of the personality: the id, ego, and super ego. According to Freud, there
is only so much “psychic energy” available to the three parts of the personality.
Therefore, all three systems are in constant competition for this energy in
order to take control and dominate the personality. As the three parts of the
personality compete for psychic energy, they create conflicts within the
psyche, which in turn create conflicts within the psyche, which in turn create
anxiety. The organism can attempt to alleviate the conflicts by creating
defense mechanisms. Endopsychic conflicts always involve the ego and either or
both the id or superego.
Defense Mechanisms Freud’s concept
of defense mechanisms was one of his most important theoretical achievements.
Defense mechanisms develop unconsciously when the ego feels threatened by an
endopsychic conflict. When this occurs, defense mechanisms can be utilized to
deny, falsify, or distort reality so the ego can cope. The role of the
counselor can therefore be to help strengthening can involve psycho-educational
interventions that provide clients with information they can use to take a more
realistic position regarding stresses in their environment. Some of the more
common defense mechanisms are projection, reaction formation, fixation,
regression, and repression.
- Projection is an attempt to attribute to another person one’s own thoughts or feelings.
- Reaction formation is a way of coping by creating an extreme emotional response that opposite of how one actually feels. This results in a “falsification of reality.”
- Fixation can occur if the demands of life become too threatening. In an attempt to avoid new responsibilities, a person can avoid growing up and fixate, or stand still, in terms of development.
- Regression is an attempt to cope by moving back to a point in one’s development that was less threatening.
- Repression is an attempt to cope by creating an avoidance response. The stressful situation is pushed from the conscious to the unconscious dimension of the mind.
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